03/08/23 수, 최수진의 모닝스페셜 무모한문장 + 헤드라인 + News coverage

Today's Expression

건강한 직장생활을 위해선 상호 존중이 필요해요!

Mutual respect is necessary for a healthy working environment! 

 

청취자 문장

-We should respect each other for a healthy working environment

- Respect our colleagues is key to making a healthy work place. 

 

상호존중 - mutual respect! 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

1.Spending on private education in Korea hit a record high of 26 trillion won last year amid the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic that restricted in-person school education, according to a survey released by the education ministry.

교육부가 발표한 자료에 따르면, 코로나 팬데믹이 장기화되는 가운데 학습결손에 대한 우려가 커지면서 지난해 사교육비 총액이 역대 최고치인 26조 원을 기록했습니다.

 

[Expression]

▶Spending on private education: 사교육비

▶the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic : 코로나19 대유행 장기화

 

 

2. Korea’s per capita income in dollars decreased by nearly eight percent last year on the back of the won’s depreciation against the greenback, with the country's gross national income per capita coming to 32,661 U.S. dollars in 2022.

지난해 우리나라의 달러 기준 1인당 국민 총소득이 8% 가까이 감소하며, 3만 2,661달러를 기록했습니다. 이는 지난해 급등한 원-달러 환율이 영향을 미친 것으로 보입니다.

 

[Expression]

▶per capita income in dollars : 달러 기준 1인당 국민 총소득

per capita = per person

통계에서 항상 1인당 이란 뜻으로 always use per capita! not per person!!

▶the won’s depreciation against the greenback : 급등한 원-달러 환율

 

 

3. Japan’s first launch of its new flagship space rocket ended in failure on Tuesday when controllers issued a destruct command just 15 minutes after liftoff.

일본의 새 주력 대형 로켓의 첫 발사 시도가, 발사 15분 만에 일본 우주항공연구개발기구가 기체 파괴 명령을 내리면서 실패로 끝났습니다.

 

[Expression]

▶flagship space rocket : 주력 대형 로켓

flagship = most important, the biggest one 

ex) in company, what's the flagship product? 주력상품이 뭡니까? 

▶destruct command : 파괴 명령

 

 

4. More than 1000 “super-emitter” sites leaked methane into the global atmosphere in 2022, according to an analysis of satellite data, with the worst single leak found to be equivalent to 67 million running cars.

지난해 전 세계 1천여 곳의 에너지 생산 및 쓰레기 처리 시설에서 자동차 6700만 대 배출량에 버금가는 메탄이 한꺼번에 유출된 적이 있다는 분석 결과가 위성자료 분석을 통해 나타났다고 외신이 전했습니다.

 

[Expression]

▶analysis of satellite data : 위성자료 분석 

▶be equivalent to : ~와 같다, 상응하다

 

5. Bruce Willis’ wife, Emma Heming Willis, has asked paparazzi to keep their distance and stop yelling at the Hollywood star, who has been diagnosed with dementia and was hounded on a recent outing.

배우 브루스 윌리스의 아내 엠마 헤밍 윌리스가 파파라치들에게 치매 진단을 받은 남편의 개인 공간을 존중해주고, 크게 소리치지 말 것을 요청했습니다.

 

[Expression]

▶to keep one's distance : 개인 공간을 존중하다

▶be hounded on : 뒤쫓아 다니며 괴롭히다

 

* they were bugging him - bugging : 귀찮게 하다

 

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NEWS COVERAGE 1 FROM THE NEW YORK TIMES

 

Is the Entire Economy Gentrifying? - 미국기업들의 프리미엄화 전략. 고급화. 

 

Jason Karaian and Jeanna Smialek

c.2023 The New York Times Company

 

 

Big companies are prodding their customers toward fancier, and often pricier, versions of everything from Krispy Kreme doughnuts to cans of WD-40.

 

It’s evidence of the corporate world’s new favorite buzzword: “premiumization.”

 

Businesses are hoping to keep the good times rolling after several years in which they seized on strong spending by consumers and rapid inflation to raise prices and pump up profit margins. Many firms are embracing offerings that cater to higher-income customers — people who are willing and able to pay more for products and services.

 

[Expression]

▶to prod : 쿡 찌르다, 재촉하다.

▶buzzword : 유행어

▶pump up: 인상하다, 증가시키다, 강화하다.

 

 

One sign of the trend: the notion of premiumization was raised in nearly 60 earnings calls and investor meetings over the past three weeks.

 

It is an indication of a changing economic backdrop. Inflation and consumer spending are expected to moderate this year, which could make it more difficult for firms to sustain large price increases without some justification.

 

[Expression]

▶notion of ~ : ~의 관념, 개념

▶economic backdrop : 경제적 여건

  - backdrop : 배경

   - against a backdrop of~: ~이러한 상황 속에서

 

The premiumization trend also reflects a divide in the U.S. economy. The top 40% of earners are sitting on more than $1 trillion in extra savings amassed during the early part of the pandemic. Lower-income households, on the other hand, have been burning through their savings, partly as they contend with the higher costs of the food, rent and other necessities that make up a bigger chunk of their spending.

 

[Expression]

▶amassed : 축적된

   - to amass: 모으다, 축적하다

▶burn through one’s savings : 저축한 돈을 다 쓰다 (소진하다.)

 

 

As products grow more expensive and exclusive, big swaths of the economy are at risk of becoming gentrified, raising the possibility that poorer consumers will be increasingly underserved.

 

Businesses have long segmented customers, trying to push richer ones into pricier and more profitable purchases: Think of the spacious premium seats on a plane versus the cramped economy-class alternatives. But the trend picked up during the pandemic, and the lurch toward luxury is now spanning a wider array of products and services.

 

[Expression]

▶to become gentrified : 고급화 되다.

   - To gentrify : 고급스럽게, 품위 있게 바꾸다.

     - be priced out : 높은 가격을 견디지 못해 쫓겨나다.

▶ the lurch toward luxury : 사치품을 향한 요동, 휘청거림

 

 

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NEWS COVERAGE 2 FROM THE NEW YORK TIMES

 

Could the Next Blockbuster Drug Be Lab-Rat Free? - 동물실험 안하고 다음 약 출시 가능? 

 

Emily Anthes

c.2023 The New York Times Company

 

 

In 1937, a U.S. drug company introduced a new elixir to treat strep throat — and unwittingly set off a public health disaster. The product, which had not been tested in humans or animals, contained a solvent that turned out to be toxic. More than 100 people died.

 

The following year, Congress passed the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Safety Act, requiring pharmaceutical companies to submit safety data to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration before selling new medications, helping to usher in an era of animal toxicity testing.

 

[Expression]

▶elixir : 만병통치 약, 특효약, 물약

▶unwittingly : 자신도 모르게, 부지불식간에 (=unintentionally)

▶to usher : 안내하다.

 

Other agencies and countries are making similar shifts. In 2019, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency announced that it would reduce, and eventually aim to eliminate, testing on mammals. In 2021, the European Parliament called for a plan to phase out animal testing.

 

[Expression]

▶To make (a) shift : 변화하다.

▶phase out : 단계적으로 폐지하다.

 

Animal rights groups have been lobbying for a reduction in animal testing for decades, and they have found an increasingly receptive public. In a 2022 Gallup poll, 43% of Americans said that medical testing on animals was “morally wrong,” up from 26% in 2001.

 

[Expression]

▶receptive public : 수용적인 (새로운 제안을 받아들이는) 대중들  

   - receptive: 수용적인

 

But it is not the only one. Animal testing is also time-consuming, expensive and vulnerable to shortages. Drug development, in particular, is rife with failures, and many medications that appear promising in animals do not pan out in humans. “We’re not 70-kilogram rats,” said Dr. Thomas Hartung, who directs the Johns Hopkins Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing.

 

[Expression]

▶time-consuming : 시간 소모가 큰

▶be rife with : ~으로 가득 찬 (대체로 부정적인 의미로 많이 씀)

▶pan out : 전개되다, 진행되다.